We have been using cell phones for over 2 decades. But how do they work?

Our cell phones use wireless technology and they send and receive calls without wire connections. This is achieved by using electromagnetic radio waves to send and receive the sounds that would travel down wires.

Cell phone networks are the fastest-growing source of electromagnetic energy. When you speak on your cell phone, a  very small microphone turns the sounds into a corresponding pattern of electrical signals. The microchip inside your phone converts the signals into strings of numbers which are packed up into a radio wave. The radio waves then reach the nearest cell phone mast.

The mast receives the signals and sends them to its base station, which coordinates what happens inside each local part of the cell phone network (“the cell”). From the base station, the calls are routed onward to their destination.

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